Sequelize: column name to lowercase not working with included models

I have two models: Category and Bookmark. Bookmark is associated with category through categoryId column.

Category also have name, createdAt, orderId columns;

I can get category and all its bookmarks with:

const category = await Category.findOne({
    where: { id: req.params.id },
    include: [
      {
        model: Bookmark,
        as: 'bookmarks'
      },
    ]
  });

But now I want to change how bookmarks are ordered. Order type can be name, createdAt or orderId;

const order = orderType == 'name'
  ? [[
      { model: Bookmark, as: 'bookmarks' },
      Sequelize.fn('lower', Sequelize.col('bookmarks.name')),
      'ASC'
    ]]
  : [[{ model: Bookmark, as: 'bookmarks' }, orderType, 'ASC']]

const category = await Category.findOne({
    where: { id: req.params.id },
    include: [
      {
        model: Bookmark,
        as: 'bookmarks'
      },
    ],
    order
  });

It works fine when orderType is createdAt or orderId but fails when it’s name

I’m getting this error: SQLITE_ERROR: near "(": syntax error and SQL query generated by Sequelize is:

SELECT `Category`.`id`, `Category`.`name`, `bookmarks`.`id` AS `bookmarks.id`, `bookmarks`.`name` AS `bookmarks.name`, `bookmarks`.`categoryId` AS `bookmarks.categoryId`, `bookmarks`.`orderId` AS `bookmarks.orderId`, `bookmarks`.`createdAt` AS `bookmarks.createdAt`
FROM `categories` AS `Category`
INNER JOIN `bookmarks` AS `bookmarks` ON `Category`.`id` = `bookmarks`.`categoryId`
ORDER BY `bookmarks`.lower(`bookmarks`.`name`) ASC;

Answer

Changed it to:

const order =
    orderType == 'name'
      ? [[Sequelize.fn('lower', Sequelize.col('bookmarks.name')), 'ASC']]
      : [[{ model: Bookmark, as: 'bookmarks' }, orderType, 'ASC']];

and now it’s working.

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Answer